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Other Resources

Other Resources

Electronic resources

Ugandan newspapers

The New Vision htttp://www.newvision.co.ug

The Monitor http://www.monitor.co.ug

Electronic references

Assemblée Nationale, 'Mission d'information sur le Rwanda. Rapport d'information sur les operations militaries menées par la France, d'autres pays l'ONU au Rwanda entre 1900 et 1994', 1998. http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dossiers/rwanda/r1271.asp

Adelman, Howard, 'The Use and Abuse of Refugees in Zaire, April 1996-March 1997', Stanford University, n.d. http://www.stanford.edu/~sstedman/2001.readings/Zaire.htm

Eurostep, 'Lessons from Rwanda: The Argument for a More Coherent European Policy on the Great Lakes Region', 1996. http://www.eurostep.org/pubs/position/coherence/greatlak.htm

Ferroggiaro, William (ed.), 'The US and the Genocide in Rwanda 1994: Evidence of Inaction', National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book, George Washington University, 2001. http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB53/press.html

Gourevitch, Philip, We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families: Stories From Rwanda, 1998. http://www.historyplace.com/pointsofview/rwanda.htm

Human Rights Watch, 'Leave None to Tell the Story', Human Rights Watch, March 1999. http://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/

Joint Evaluation of Emergency Assistance to Rwanda (JEEAR), The International response to Conflict and Genocide: Lessons from the Rwanda Genocide, 'Study 1 - Historical Perspective: Some Explanatory Factors', 1997a. http://www.um.dk/danida/evalueringsrapporter/1997_rwanda/book1.asp

--, The International response to Conflict and Genocide: Lessons from the Rwanda Genocide, 'Study 2 - Early Warning and Conflict Management', 1997b. http://www.um.dk/danida/evalueringsrapporter/1997_rwanda/book2.asp

Lemarchand, René, 'Patterns of State Collapse and the Reconstruction in Central Africa: Reflections on the Crisis in the Great Lakes', African Studies Quarterly, vol. 1, no. 3 (Special Issue), 1997. http://web.africa.ufl.edu/asq/v1/3/2.htm

Power, Samantha, 'Bystanders to Genocide: Why the United States Let the Rwandan Tragedy Happen', The Atlantic Monthly, September 2001. http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/2001/09/power.htm

Rutinwa, Bonaventure, 'The end of asylum? The changing nature of refugee policies in Africa', UNHCR Working Paper No. 5, May 1999. http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/home/opendoc.pdf?tbl=RESEARCH&id=3ae6a0c34&page=research

Stein, Barry N. and Clark, Lance, 'Refugee Integration and Older Refugee Settlements in Africa', Paper presented at the 1990 American Anthropological Association, New Orleans, 28 November 1990. http://www.msu.edu/course/pls/461/stein/FINAL.htm

United Nations, 'Comprehensive Report on Lessons Learned from United Nations Assistance for Rwanda (UNAMIR) October 1993-April 1996', 1996. http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/lessons/rwanda.htm

United Nations Press Release, 'Kofi Annan Emphasizes Commitment to Enabling UN Never Again to Fail in Protecting Civilian Population from Genocide', Press Release SG/SM/7263 AFR/196, 16 December 1999. http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/1999/19991216.sgsm7263.doc.html

Waters, Tony, 'The Coming Rwandan Demographic Crisis, or Why Current Repatriation Policies Will Not solve Tanzania's (or Zaire's) Refugee Problems', Journal of Humanitarian Assistance, 3 June 2000. http://www.jha.ac/articles/a013.htm

--, 'Conventional Wisdom and Rwanda's Genocide: An Opinion', African Studies Quarterly, vol. 1, no. 3 (Special Issue), 1997. http://web.africa.ufl.edu/asq/v1/3/10.htm

Whitaker, Beth Elise, 'Changing priorities in refugee protection: the Rwandan repatriation from Tanzania', UNHCR Working Paper No. 53, February 2002. http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/home/opendoc.pdf?tbl=RESEARCH&id=3c7528ea4&page=research

--, 'Changing opportunities: refugees and host communities in western Tanzania', UNHCR Working Paper No. 11, June 1999. http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/home/opendoc.pdf?tbl=RESEARCH&id=3ae6a0c70&page=research

Verwimp, Philip, 'Development Ideology, the Peasantry, and Genocide: Rwanda represented in Habyarimana's speeches', Genocide Studies Program, no.13, Yale University, 1997. http://www.yale.edu/gsp/publications/Rwanda.doc

Other websites of interest

Amnesty International http://www.amnesty.org

Human Rights Watch http://www.hrw.org

International Alert http://www.international-alert.org

Lawyers Committee for Human Rights http://www.lchr.org

Refugees International http://www.refintl.org

UN High Commissioner for Human Rights http://www.unhchr.ch

US Committee for Refugees http://www.uscr.org

International Crisis Group, Brussels http://www.crisisweb.org

Observatoire de l'Afrique Centrale, Ottawa http://www.obsac.com

Réseau Documentaire International sur la Région des Grands Lacs Africains, Geneva http://www.grandslacs.net

United Nations Integrated Regional Information Network, Nairobi http://www.irinnews.org

The UN Refugee Agency UNHCR, Geneva http://www.unhcr.org

Future site of the Rwandan Ministry of Defence http://www.minadef.gov.rw

Official website of the government of Rwanda http://www.rwanda1.com

Official website of the president of Rwanda http://www.rwanda1.com/government/president/index.html

Up-to-date information on the ICTR (tribunal) in Arusha http://www.diplomatiejudiciaire.com

French National Assembly inquiry report into responsibility for genocide http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/2/dossiers/rwanda/rapport.htm

PBS Frontline documentary on Rwandan genocide http://www.pbs.org/frontline/shows/evil

Fergal Keane's PBS interview with Gérard Prunier http://http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/rwanda/etc/interview.html

BBC Kinyarwanda/Kirundi service http://www.bbc.co.uk/greatlakes/

Fondation Hirondelle http://www.hirondelle.org

INCORE http://www.incore.ulst.ac.uk

International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda http://www.ictr.org

International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty http://www.iciss-ciise.gc.ca/report-e.asp

Well-known Danish study on Rwandan genocide http://www.um.dk/danida/evalueringsrapporter/1997_rwanda

Official Website of the Republic of Rwanda http://www.gov.rw

Banque Nationale du Rwanda http://www.bnr.rw

Rwandan Office of Information http://www.orinfor.gov.rw

10th Anniversary memorial project in Canada http://www.visiontv.ca/RememberRwanda/index.htm

Recent Lemarchand paper on crisis http://membres.lycos.fr/obsac/OBSV3N30_Lemarchand-GLA.html

Global IDP Database for Democratic Republic of the Congo http://www.db.idpproject.org/Sites/IdpProjectDb/idpSurvey.nsf/wCountries/Democratic+Republic+of+the+Congo

For Burundi http://www.db.idpproject.org/Sites/IdpProjectDb/idpSurvey.nsf/wCountries/Burundi

For Rwanda http://www.db.idpproject.org/Sites/idpSurvey.nsf/wCountries/Rwanda

Example of hysterical conspiracy theorizing http://users.skynet.be/wirira/eir.htm

'Great Genocide Debate', London July 1997 http://homepages.udayton.edu/~uwiringi/genocide/

Human Rights Watch

Rwanda: the Search for Security and Human Rights Abuses http://www.hrw.org/reports/2000/rwanda/

Burundi: Emptying the Hills http://www.hrw.org/reports/2000/burundi2/

Journal of Humanitarian Assistance 'Youth and conflict in Kivu: Komona clair' http://www.jha.ac/greatlakes/b004.htm

Universitiy of Florida Africana Collection http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/cm/africana

Non-electronic resources and bibliography

African Rights,Rwanda: Death, despair, and defianceRwanda: Death, despair, and defiance. London: African Rights, 1995.
Bucyalimwe Mararo, Stanislas, 'Land conflict in Masisi, eastern Zaïre: The impact and aftermath of Belgian colonial policy, 1920-89'Land conflict in Masisi, eastern Zaïre: The impact and aftermath of Belgian colonial policy, 1920-89', Ph.D. diss., University of Indiana, 1990.
Bulambo Katambu, Ambroise,Mourir au Kivu: Du génocide tutsi aux massacres dans l'Est du Congo-RDC.Mourir au Kivu: Du génocide tutsi aux massacres dans l'Est du Congo-RDC. Kinshasa/Paris: Éditions du Trottoir & L'Harmattan, 2001.
Chrétien, Jean-Pierre, 'Des sédentaires devenus migrants: Le départ de Burundais et des Rwandais vers l'Ouganda (1920-60)', in J.-P. Chrétien (ed.),Burundi: L'histoire retrouvée: 25 ans de métier d'historien en AfriqueBurundi: L'histoire retrouvée: 25 ans de métier d'historien en Afrique. Paris: Karthala, 1993.
--,L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: Deux mille ans d'histoire L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: Deux mille ans d'histoire. Paris: Aubier, 2000.
Codere, Helen, 'The biography of an African society, Rwanda, 1900-60, based on forty-eight Rwandan autobiographies', Tervuren: Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale,Annales, Sciences humainesAnnales, Sciences humaines, no. 79, 1973.
d'Hertefelt, Marcel and de Lame, Danielle, 'Société, culture et histoire du Rwanda: Encyclopédie bibliographique, 1863-1980/87Société, culture et histoire du Rwanda: Encyclopédie bibliographique, 1863-1980/87.' Tervuren: Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, 1988.
de Lame, Danielle, 'Une colline entre mille ou le calme avant la tempête: Transformation et blocages du Rwanda ruralUne colline entre mille ou le calme avant la tempête: Transformation et blocages du Rwanda rural', Tervuren: Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, 1996.
de Villers, Gauthier, Omasombo Tshonda, Jean, and Kennes, Erik, 'République démocratique du Congo: Guerre et politique: Les trente derniers mois de L. D. Kabila (août 1998-janvier 2001)'. Paris: L'Harmattan,Cahiers africainsCahiers africains, nos. 47-8, 2001.
--, et al., 'République démocratique du Congo: Chronique politique d'un entre-deux-guerres, octobre 1996-juillet 1998'. Paris: L'Harmattan,Cahiers africainsCahiers africains, nos. 35-6, 1998.
Depelchin, Jacques M. F., 'From precapitalism to imperialism: A history of social and economic formations in eastern Zaïre (Uvira Zone, c. 1800-1965)From precapitalism to imperialism: A history of social and economic formations in eastern Zaïre (Uvira Zone, c. 1800-1965)', Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, 1974.
Gahama, Joseph,Le Burundi sous administration belgeLe Burundi sous administration belge. Paris: Karthala, 2001.
Gasarasi, Charles P., 'The Mass Naturalization and Further Integration of Rwandese Refugees in Tanzania: Process, Problems and Prospects',Journal of Refugee StudiesJournal of Refugee Studies, vol. 3, no. 2, 1990.
Halvorsen, Kate, 'Protection and Humanitarian Assistance in the Refugee Camps in Zaire: The Problem of Security', in Howard Adelman and Astri Suhrke (eds.),The Path of a Genocide: The Rwanda Crisis from Uganda to Zaire.The Path of a Genocide: The Rwanda Crisis from Uganda to Zaire. New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, 1999.
Harroy, Jean-Paul, Rwanda:De la féodalité à la démocratie (1955-62)De la féodalité à la démocratie (1955-62). Brussels: Hayez, 1984.
Holborn, Louise W.,Refugees: A problem of our time. The work of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 1951-72Refugees: A problem of our time. The work of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 1951-72. Two volumes. Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press, 1975.
Kandt, Richard, Caput Nili (…). Berlin: Reimer (E. Vohsen), 1904
Kuperman, Alan J.,The limits of humanitarian intervention: Genocide in RwandaThe limits of humanitarian intervention: Genocide in Rwanda. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2001.
Lemarchand, René,Rwanda and BurundiRwanda and Burundi. London: Pall Mall, 1970.
--,Burundi: Ethnic conflict and genocideBurundi: Ethnic conflict and genocide. Washington DC/Cambridge: Woodrow Wilson Center Press/Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Lévesque, Albert,Contribution to the national bibliography of Rwanda, 1965-70Contribution to the national bibliography of Rwanda, 1965-70. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1979.
Linden, Ian and Linden, Jane,Church and revolution in RwandaChurch and revolution in Rwanda. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1977.
Logiest, Guy,Mission au Rwanda: Un blanc dans la bagarre Tutsi-HutuMission au Rwanda: Un blanc dans la bagarre Tutsi-Hutu. Brussells: Didier Hatier, 1988.
Longman, Timothy, 'Church politics and the genocide in Rwanda',Journal of Religion in AfricaJournal of Religion in Africa, vol. 31, 2001.
Louis, WR. Ruanda-Urundi, 1884-1919. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963.
Malkki, Liisa H.,Purity and exile: Violence, memory, and national cosmology among Hutu refugees in TanzaniaPurity and exile: Violence, memory, and national cosmology among Hutu refugees in Tanzania. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.
Mamdani, Mahmood,When victims become killers: Colonialism, nativism, and the genocide in RwandaWhen victims become killers: Colonialism, nativism, and the genocide in Rwanda. Princeton, New Jersey/Oxford: Princeton University Press/James Currey, 2001.
Maquet, Jacques J.,The premise of inequality in Ruanda: A study of political relations in a Central African kingdomThe premise of inequality in Ruanda: A study of political relations in a Central African kingdom. London: Oxford University Press, 1961.
Mathieu, Paul and Willame, Jean-Claude (eds.),Conflits et guerres au Kivu et dans la région des Grands LacsConflits et guerres au Kivu et dans la région des Grands Lacs. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1999.
Melvern, Linda R.A people betrayed: The role of the West in Rwanda's genocideA people betrayed: The role of the West in Rwanda's genocide. London: Zed Books, 2000.
Newbury, Catharine,The cohesion of oppression: Clientship and ethnicity in Rwanda, 1860-1960The cohesion of oppression: Clientship and ethnicity in Rwanda, 1860-1960. New York: Columbia University Press, 1988.
Ould-Abdallah, Ahmedou,Burundi on the brink, 1993-95: A UN special envoy reflects on preventive diplomacyBurundi on the brink, 1993-95: A UN special envoy reflects on preventive diplomacy. Washington DC: United States Institute of Peace Press, 2000.
Pottier, Johan,Re-Imagining Rwanda: Conflict, survival, and disinformation in the late twentieth centuryRe-Imagining Rwanda: Conflict, survival, and disinformation in the late twentieth century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Prunier, Gérard,The Rwanda Crisis: History of a GenocideThe Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide, London: Hurst & Company, 1998.
--,Rwanda in the Congo: From genocide to continental warRwanda in the Congo: From genocide to continental war. London: C. Hurst, 2003.
Reyntjens, Filip,L'Afrique des Grands Lacs en crise: Rwanda, Burundi (1988-94)L'Afrique des Grands Lacs en crise: Rwanda, Burundi (1988-94). Paris: Karthala, 1994.
--,Rwanda: Trois jours qui ont fait basculer l'histoireRwanda: Trois jours qui ont fait basculer l'histoire. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1995.
--,La guerre des Grands Lacs: Alliances mouvantes et conflits extraterritoriaux en Afrique centraleLa guerre des Grands Lacs: Alliances mouvantes et conflits extraterritoriaux en Afrique centrale. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1999.
Richards, Audrey (ed.),Economic development and tribal change: A study of migrant labour in BugandaEconomic development and tribal change: A study of migrant labour in Buganda. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1956.
Rumiya, Jean,Le Rwanda sous le régime du mandat belge (1916-31)Le Rwanda sous le régime du mandat belge (1916-31). Paris: L'Harmattan, 1992.
Rutinwa, Bonaventure, 'The Tanzanian Government's Response to the Rwandan Emergency',Journal of Refugee StudiesJournal of Refugee Studies, vol. 9, no. 3, 1996.
Saucier, Jean-François, 'The patron-client relationship in traditional and contemporary southern Rwanda'The patron-client relationship in traditional and contemporary southern Rwanda', Ph.D. thesis, Columbia University, 1974.
Terry, Fiona,Condemned to repeat: The paradox of humanitarian actionCondemned to repeat: The paradox of humanitarian action. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2002.
Umutesi, Marie Béatrice,Fuir ou mourir au Zaïre: Le vécu d'une réfugiée rwandaiseFuir ou mourir au Zaïre: Le vécu d'une réfugiée rwandaise. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2000.
Uvin, Peter,Aiding violence: The development enterprise in RwandaAiding violence: The development enterprise in Rwanda. West Hartford, Connecticut: Kumarian Press, 1998.
Uvin, Peter, 'Reading the Rwandan Genocide',International Studies ReviewInternational Studies Review, vol. 3, no. 3, Fall 2001.
van der Meeren, Rachel, 'Three Decades in Exile: Rwandan Refugees 1960-90',Journal of Refugee StudiesJournal of Refugee Studies, vol. 9, no. 3, 1996.
van Hoyweghen, Saskia, 'The Rwandan villagisation programme: Resettlement for reconstruction?', in D. Goyvaerts (ed.),Conflict and ethnicity in Central AfricaConflict and ethnicity in Central Africa. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of the Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), 2000.
van Leeuwen, Mathijs, 'Rwanda's imidugudu programme and earlier experiences with villagisation and resettlement in East Africa',Journal of Modern African StudiesJournal of Modern African Studies, vol. 39, 2001.
Vansina, Jan,L'Évolution du royaume rwanda des origina à 1900L'Évolution du royaume rwanda des origina à 1900. 2nd edn., Brussels: Académie Royale des Sciences d'Outre-Mer, 2000.
--,Le Rwanda ancien: Le royaume nyiginyaLe Rwanda ancien: Le royaume nyiginya. Paris: Karthala, 2001.
Vidal, Claudine, 'Le Rwanda des anthropologues ou le fétichisme de la vache',Cahiers d'études africainesCahiers d'études africaines, vol. 9, 1969.
--,Sociologie des passions (Côte d'Ivoire, Rwanda)Sociologie des passions (Côte d'Ivoire, Rwanda). Paris: Karthala, 1991.
Yeld, Rachel, 'Rwanda: Unprecedented problems calls for unprecedented solutionsRwanda: Unprecedented problems calls for unprecedented solutions', RSP Occasional Paper. Oxford: Refugee Studies Programme, University of Oxford, 1996.
 
Last updated Aug 17, 2011